前列腺癌的确切原因尚不清楚,但已经确定了几种可能增加患上这种疾病的风险的因素.
这些包括:
1. 年龄:前列腺癌的风险随着年龄的增长而增加,大多数病例发生在65岁以上的男性中.
2. 家庭史:有前列腺癌家族史的男性, 特别是患有这种疾病的父亲或兄弟, 风险更高.
3. 种族:非洲裔美国人患前列腺癌的风险高于其他种族的男性.
4. 饮食:高脂肪的饮食,特别是动物脂肪,可能会增加前列腺癌的风险.
5. 肥胖:超重或肥胖可能会增加前列腺癌的风险.
6. 激素:高水平的睾丸激素和其他男性激素可能会增加前列腺癌的风险.
7. 炎症:前列腺的慢性炎症,如前列腺炎,可能会增加前列腺癌的风险.
8. 遗传学:某些遗传基因突变,如BRCA1和BRCA2基因中的突变,可能会增加前列腺癌的风险.
值得注意的是,有一个或多个风险因素并不意味着一个男人肯定会患上前列腺癌,许多前列腺癌的男人没有已知的风险因素.
此外,目前正在进行研究,以更好地了解前列腺癌的原因,并确定其他风险因素.
PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html
RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116
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Newschaffer CJ, Otani K, McDonald MK, Penberthy LT: Causes of death in elderly prostate cancer patients and in a comparison nonprostate cancer cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000, 92 (8): 613-21.
Frydenberg M, Wijesinha S: Diagnosing prostate cancer - what GPs need to know. Aust Fam Physician. 2007, 36 (5): 345-7.
Shimodaira K, Nakashima J, Nakagami Y, Hirasawa Y, Hashimoto T, Satake N, Gondo T, Namiki K, Ohori M, Ohno Y: Prognostic Value of Platelet Counts in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Treated with Endocrine Therapy. Urol J. 2020, 17 (1): 42-49.
Martínez-Salamanca JI, Ballesteros CM, Carballido Rodríguez J: [Epidemiological fundamentals of clinically localized prostate cancer]. Arch Esp Urol. 2011, 64 (8): 703-10.
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The exact cause of prostate cancer is not known, but several factors have been identified that may increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include:
1. Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
2. Family history: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, particularly a father or brother with the disease, are at a higher risk.
3. Race: African American men have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer than men of other races.
4. Diet: A diet high in fat, particularly animal fat, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
5. Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer.
6. Hormones: High levels of testosterone and other male hormones may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
7. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation of the prostate, such as prostatitis, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
8. Genetics: Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as those in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not mean that a man will definitely develop prostate cancer, and many men with prostate cancer have no known risk factors.
Additionally, research is ongoing to better understand the causes of prostate cancer and identify additional risk factors.
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